Compensation of downstream water costs?

赔偿下游地区的损失？

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Wetlands can be designed to provide very important downstream water quality benefits.

湿地设计对提高下游水体质量十分有利。

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Downstream water flow slow, siltation of the alluvial soil more and more, forming a great many of the Delta islands.

下游水流缓慢，淤积的冲积土愈来愈多，形成一个有许多岛屿的巨大三角洲。

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Lanzhou officials, for instance, do not in fact stop body fishers from cutting loose unclaimed corpses and letting the current take them away, thereby contaminating downstream water.

FORBES: Now In China's Rivers: Decomposing Humans

Paying for greenery upstream turns out to be cheaper than cleaning up water downstream after it has been fouled.

ECONOMIST: The invisible green hand

The two are working on an economic-impact study of the restoration initiative that would create white-water rapids downstream of the city's largest spillway dam.

WSJ: Real Rapids in Grand Rapids?